Change in Protein function by Mutation

Question: Discuss about the Change in Protein function by Mutation? Answer: Proteins form a broad range of function that is mediated by the residues that make up the functional site. Mutations produce a dramatic effect in the active sites of the proteins and the binding pockets of the receptors (Mondai Hu, 2012). Mutation is associated with the conversion of a normal codon to a nonsense codon and thereby affects the protein function. According to Choi et al. (2012), a particular base change leads to a change in the sequencing of the amino acid. The important mutations that produce an impact on the protein sequences include: Frameshift mutation: Frameshift mutation causes an insertion and deletion of specific nucleotides. This leads to a disruption in the reading frame that causes an alteration in the protein structure. Nonsense mutation: It results in premature stop codon that leads to the formation of a nonfunctional protein product. Missense mutation: Point mutation causes a change in the sequence of DNA those results in single nucleotide change, which in turn causes a change in the sequencing of amino acids. As a result, the protein formed becomes non-functional. Neutral mutation: A Neutral mutation involves an amino acid codon that leads to the use of different but chemically similar amino acids. Silent mutations: Silent mutations remains associated with the change in the amino acid sequence in a way that the amino acid lies in same configuration with the original. References Choi, Y., Sims, G. E., Murphy, S., Miller, J. R., Chan, A. P. (2012). Predicting the functional effect of amino acid substitutions and indels.PloS one,7(10), e46688. Mondai, A. M., Hu, J. (2012, October). Mutation analysis of disease causing proteins. InBioinformatics and Biomedicine Workshops (BIBMW), 2012 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 975-977). IEEE.